Sum

Math

The Sum block adds multiple input signals together, producing their algebraic sum as output. This is one of the most fundamental mathematical operations in control systems and signal processing. The block accepts any number of input connections and sums all received values into a single output signal.

The Sum block is essential for combining multiple signals in your simulation. Common applications include creating summation points in control systems (combining reference and feedback signals), adding bias or offset values to main signals, calculating aggregate values from multiple sensors, and building complex mathematical expressions from basic operations.

Mathematical Model

The Sum block implements the summation operation:

y(t) = \sum_{i=1}^n u_i(t)

Where:

y(t) is the output signal at time t
u₁(t), u₂(t), ..., uₙ(t) are the input signals at time t
n is the number of connected inputs

When no inputs are connected, the output is 0.0.

Inputs & Outputs

Direction	ID	Label	Type	Status
→ In	`in`	+	number	Required
← Out	`out`	Sum	number	Output

Usage Examples

Basic Signal Summation

Combine two signals into a single output:

Signal A → Sum → Output
Signal B → Sum

Output = Signal A + Signal B

Bias Addition

Add a bias value to a main signal:

Main Signal → Sum → Output
Bias Value → Sum

Remarks & Best Practices

Multiple Inputs: Accepts any number of input connections via a single input port.
Order Independence: Input order doesn't affect the result (commutative operation).
Execution Speed: Highly optimized WASM implementation for real-time summing of dozens of signals.
Floating Point: Uses 64-bit precision for high-resolution mathematical operations.

Related Components

Gain: Multiply a signal by a constant factor before summing
Constant: Provide fixed values for summation
NumericDisplay: View the sum result in real-time

Sum

Simulate in BlockWerk